They serve the purpose of transferring the energy from the motor to the substance of a tank as efficiently as possible. The impeller of a typical axial flow pump and the flow through a. Flow rate describes the rate at which the pump can move fluid through the system, typically expressed in gallons per minute gpm. Kpl axial flow propeller pump flood control grundfos. The industry leader in circulating pump technologies goulds line of axial flow pumps is unmatched in the industry for high volumelow. In our production facilities in cressier in the canton of neuchatel in switzerland, many elbow propeller pumps for the salt industry have been manufactured in recent months. They use impellers with vanes to direct flow in the same direction as the shaft axially rather than radially, which is 90 degrees from the shaft. So in b we see a radial flow pump with moderate values of d 2 by d1. It is a rotating, airfoilbased compressor in which the gas or working fluid principally flows parallel to the axis of rotation, or axially. Their simple but heavy construction, multiple hydraulic combinations and available. Efficiency is never a single fixed value for any given centrifugal pump, it is a function of discharge and therefore also the operating head. Vertical axial flow pumps the afv axial flow suspended shaft vertical pump is a singlestage, propeller type machine. Axial flow impellers are most commonly operated to generate downward flow of fluid leaving the impeller blades, as illustrated in figure 8. Pump input power calculation formula or pump shaft power calculation formula.
This differs from other rotating compressors such as centrifugal compressor, axicentrifugal compressors and mixedflow compressors where the fluid flow will include a radial. Pump specific speed calculation chemical engineering site. Kinetic pumps in axial flow centrifugal pumps the rotor is a propeller. Axial flow pumps axial flow pumps are a type of centrifugal pump. Pump power calculation formula specific speed of a. Fluid statics, kinematics of fluid, conservation equations and analysis of finite control volume, equations of motion and mechanical energy, principles of physical similarity and dimensional analysis, flow of ideal fluids viscous incompressible flows, laminar boundary layers, turbulent flow, applications of viscous flows. For turbines, the work is done by the fluid on the rotor, while, in case of pump, compressor, fan or. The flow through impeller is parallel to shaft axis low head and very high discharge. Introduction to fluid machines and compressible flow. This pump features a back pullout design allowing the propeller to be removed without disconnecting the pump from the system piping. As the specific speed increases, the negative slope of the hq curve becomes steeper. Axial trust which is an important concern for multi stage pumps, balanced by means of balance disc.
So, the design data are required to design the centrifugal pump. Numerous variations in the designs, performance ranges, and adjustment options offer ideal solutions for mobile and stationary applications. Courses principle of hydraulic machines and system design. J h horlock, axial flow compressors, butterworths, 1958, uk. Axial flow pump use impellers with vanes to direct flow in the same direction as the shaft axially rather than radially, which is 90 degrees from the shaft. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Purpose of hydraulic pump is to generate flow so that energy conversion from mechanical to. Unit 7 week 5 pump characteristics and system design nptel.
Proven performance in a variety of services around the world. In general, axial flow pumps create less pressure head than radial flow centrifugal pumps, but they can. This relationship is illustrated in the velocity parallelogram of a liquid particle. Capacities to 300,000 gpm 68,000 m3h heads to 30 feet 9. Axial flow pumps are easy to stage, the number of stages in an existing design can be increased without large mechanical changes, and a bladeelement design system can be used. Hydraulic power ph flow rate x total developed head x density x gravitational constant. Diffusion vanes are located in the discharge port of the pump to eliminate the rotational velocity of the fluid imparted by the propeller. If the flow is partly radial and partly axial, the term mixed flow machine is used. However, if the direction of impeller rotation is reversed, axialflow impellers may be applied for upward pumping, but this mode of operation is not often used. The impeller of a typical axial flow pump and the flow through a radial flow pump are shown in figure 7. Axialflow impellers are most commonly operated to generate downward flow of fluid leaving the impeller blades, as illustrated in figure 8. The flow of fluid in a radial or axial flow machine is generated by the rotation of the pumps impeller blades.
In the case of axial symmetry, when cylindrical coordinates are used, the momentum. Axial piston pumps in swash plate and bent axis design are intended for the medium and high pressure range. Design and performance analysis of centrifugal pump. These three categories of pumps are identified by the nature of the flow through the impeller, see sketch 2. What is the purpose of a hydraulic pump in a fluid power system. A gear pump has a 75mm outside diameter, a 50mm inside diameter, and a 25mm width. Design and overall perforamce of an axialflow pump rotor.
Axial flow elbow pump high flow pumping at low head pressures. What is the difference between axial and radial flow. Axial flow pumps are sometimes called propeller pumps because they operate essentially the same as the propeller of a boat. Pump shafts supported by heavy duty type bearings on both sides, as standard bearings are grease lubricated. Figure 4 shows the case of the axial flow machine, while figure 5. Mar 09, 2015 introduction to fluid machines and compressible flow by prof. An axial compressor is a gas compressor that can continuously pressurize gases. Fpi serves long term municipal, industrial and agricultural customers throughout north and south america. The warman qseries axial flow pumps model qcl model is a horizontal elbow design in fabricated construction with separate pump casing. The fluid is pushed in a direction parallel to the shaft of the impeller, that is, fluid particles, in course of their flow through the pump, do not change their radial locations. The propeller can be driven directly by a sealed motor in the pipe or mounted to the pipe from the outside or by a rightangle drive shaft that pierces the pipe. Announcements course ask a question progress mentor faq course outline how to access the portal introductory session week 1 principle of operation of hydraulic machines week 2 radial and axial flow pumps week 3 radial flow pump operational issues week 4 pump design. Fpi is a manufacturer of high quality pumps including axial flow propeller pumps, solids handling centrifugal pumps, and mobile pumps. Nov 23, 2016 radial flow impellers develop head with centrifugal action.
Part 1, general tendencies of the characteristics of pumps. Pump efficiency is the ratio of pump input and output power. Simply put, axial patterns run parallel to the blade. An axial flow pump is a type of centrifugal pump that uses an impeller with vanes that direct the flow axially. Velocity triangles of pumps, effect of inlet swirl on velocity. Axial flow pumps find info and get quotes at pumpscout. Glutton pump the generic name of the pump described in this module is a plunger pump and the trade name is glutton. The flow across the blads involves a substantial radial flow component at the rotor inlet, exit, or both.
At graco you will hear the plunger pump commonly referred to by its trade name, so for the purposes of this module we will use the trade name glutton when referring to the plunger pump. Fundamentals of fluid mechanics chapter 12 pumps and turbines. L 25 40d experiment by nikuradse developing pressure changes in the entrance of a duct flow velocity distribution of laminar flow in pipe. Pump efficiency pump efficiency may be defined as the ratio of power added to the fluid in relation to the power required to drive the pump. This family of pumps is specifically designed for lowhead movement of water for a multitude of municipal, agricultural and industrial services.
Smart material, adaptive structures and intelligent mechanical systems iitk. Iits and iiscs free open online web and video courses for science and engineering under nptel similar websites like nptel. In this centrifugal pump in which the pressure is developed by the propelling or lifting action of. Nptel syllabus turbomachinery aerodynamics video course course outline introduction to turbomachineries axial flow compressors and fans. Consider the following statements regarding the axial flow pump. The propeller can be driven directly by a sealed motor in the pipe or by electric motor or petroldiesel engines mounted to the pipe from the outside or by a rightangle drive shaft that pierces the pipe. Nasasp290, axial flow turbines, 2002 rerelease, ntis, usa. In an axial flow pump, the impeller pushes the liquid in a direction parallel to the pump shaft. The centrifugal pump operation should conform to the pump curves supplied by the manufacturer. When the discharge becomes less than that which begins the reverse flow on the suction side of impeller blades, the radial flow in the impeller increases suddenly, and the characteristics of pump change remarkably, too. Pump curves relate flow rate and pressure head developed by the pump at different impeller sizes and rotational speeds. First choice party hire australian guidelines stepby.
An axial flow pump, or afp, is a common type of pump that essentially consists of a propeller an axial impeller in a pipe. Pressure is developed principally by centrifugal force action. When selecting an axial flow pump, there are a few key performance specifications to consider. Make sure that length of cable supplied is sufficient for local conditions. The kwm mixed flow pump is designed for high flow at medium head. Mixed flow centrifugal pump, specific speed ns 80 rpm. A special highlight was the production of an egger axial flow pump in size dn 800 in titanium grade 12 rpp 805 lb 7. Axialflow pumps are easy to stage, the number of stages in an existing design can be increased without large mechanical changes, and a bladeelement design system can be used. Today again we will draw rather we will revisit the velocity triangles for i mean radial flow pump as well as axial flow pump. The liquid enters at the center of the impeller and is directed out along the impeller, perpendicular to the pump shaft. So, today our topic of discussion as it is shown is axial flow pumps. Axial flow centrifugal pump, specific speed nq 200 rpm. Flow and energy transfer in a centrifugal pump lecture 15. In this centrifugal pump in which the pressure is developed by the propelling or lifting action of the vanes of the impeller on the liquid.
High quality pumps, axial flow propeller pumps, solids. The kpl axialflow propeller pump is designed for high flow at low head. The axial flow type pumps are used for the application of medium head and high discharge. Fundamentals of fluid mechanics chapter 12 pumps and. In this report, the characteristics of pump, the flows before. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. With a flow capacity of up to 700 m 3 min at a head of up to 9 m, the grundfos kpl axialflow propeller pump is ideal for flood control as well as other applications where large volumes of water are to be moved. Nptel syllabus introduction to fluid machines and compressible. Axial flow elbow pump high flow pumping at low head. May 18, 2016 for the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Introduction to fluid machines and compressible flow by prof. D1 by d2 and then we have the mixed flow impellers and finally the axial flow impellers. Iits and iiscs free open online web and video courses for science and engineering under nptel similar websites like. Figure 4 shows the case of the axial flow machine, while figure 5 shows the case of the radial flow machine.
Using the mean diameter of the blade calculate the volume flow rate in sec. The weight of a pump of this type is minimized when minimum number of stages is utilized. Axial flow increase total pressure permits non cavitating operation in impeller used as boost pump, permits main pump to operate at higher speeds e. Axial flow pumps tend to create less pressure than radial flow pumps, but they can produce much higher flow rates. Axialflow and mixedflow pumps fans turbines compressible flow turbomachines.
In order to read and understand the pump curves, it is very important to develop a clear understanding of the terms used in the. In axial flow type impellers fluid enters and leaves along the same direction parallel to the rotating shaft centerline giving high flow rate and low head. Classification of pumps types of pumps and their working. The absolute inlet angle is and the blade inlet angle is. The question to be answered is, what is the difference between axial and radial flow impellers. This rotation transfers kinetic energy from the impeller blade to the body of fluid inside the pump. In this way, they differ from most other centrifugal pumps, which direct the flow more radially. The velocity triangle is the vectorial representation of kinematic movement. Matching of pump and system characteristics lecture 17. With flow capacity up to 184,920 gpm 700 m3min at a head up to 164 ft 50 m, the grundfos kwm mixed flow pump is ideal for flood control as well as other applications where large volumes of water are moved. For design calculation, the design parameters are taken as follows. Radial flow impellers develop head with centrifugal action. The pressure in an axial flow pump is developed by the flow of liquid over the blades of impeller.
Som,department of mechanical engineering,iit kharagpur. There may be significant radialand axial flow velocity components for the flow through the rotor row. The pump is designed for continous circulation of fluids. Good morning welcome you all to this session of the course. Fluid flows parallel to the axis as illustrated in figure 5. An axial flow pump, or afp, is a common type of pump that essentially consists of a propeller in a pipe. Radial flow type of impeller is selected when the pump specific speed is between 500 to 4200.
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